Categories
Little People of America

LPA Milestones

Billy Barty photo

October 25, Billy Barty’s birthday, is a great day to commemorate LPA milestones. In April 1957, Billy used his celebrity as an entertainer to draw 21 people representing nine states to the first national convention in Reno, Nevada. However, “Midgets of America” was rejected as the organization’s name and replaced by “Little People of America.” A dictionary committee was formed to contact all dictionary manufacturers for the purpose of correcting the inaccurate definition of the word “midget.” And therein is the first LPA milestone.

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From the outset, LPA welcomed internationals, but only as honorary members. Yet Billy Barty was a willing consultant to LP organizations forming in 1968 and 1969 in Australia and New Zealand, for example. However, it took 25 years before LPA hosted in Washington, DC the first international conference for little people. The April 1982 conference goal to improve the quality of life for little people globally was advanced when 80 delegates representing eight countries attended.

In July 1982, as the alien resident spouse of LPA President Robert Van Etten, I did not meet the criteria for a foreign-affiliate membership. As a result, a bylaw amendment to allow permanent resident aliens to become LPA members was proposed and approved.

The achievement of two more LPA milestones.

The essence of LPA was evident from inception. For example, at the 1957 convention a Telephone Booth Committee was formed to lobby Bell Telephone Company for booths reachable by people of 48 inches. In 1960, LPA planned to publicize equal employment opportunity for little people and committees were formed to provide education scholarships and adoption support.

Although LPA was originally incorporated as a nonprofit organization exempt from paying taxes, donors could not take a tax deduction for contributions. As the eighth person to serve as LPA President, Robert Van Etten believed LPA’s future growth depended on becoming a 501(c)(3) tax-exempt organization. He was sure LPA’s educational, medical, and charitable activities qualified the organization for this status. And he was right. In 1984, together with the LPA Tax Exemption Committee he had appointed, Robert led LPA to another milestone event. LPA members at the St. Louis conference voted yes to amend the LPA charter and bylaws to align with IRS tax-exempt legal standards. And on October 28, 1986, the IRS granted interim approval for LPA’s section 501(c)(3) tax-exemption followed by final approval on December 31, 1989.

The first annual LPA conference held outside the United States was in Puerto Vallarta, Mexico in July 1985. This milestone week was memorable—the airlines lost our bags for two days, we got dripping wet from hot temperatures during the day and daily downpours at dinner time, and Robert and I took turns getting Montezuma’s revenge. Yet despite some discomfort, the conference was a huge success and the catalyst for the formation of an LP organization in Mexico. The highlight of Robert’s week was parasailing off the beach. The highlight of my week was watching him land on the beach. This post is informed by the 25th anniversary LPA Souvenir Book published by the Billy Barty Foundation in July 1982 and by excerpts from Always an Advocate, Part I, Volunteer Leadership Challenges, chapters 1 and 2. For the rest of the story, buy your e-book or paperback copy at https://www.amazon.com/dp/1737333600/

Categories
Accessibility Transportation

No Wheelchairs Allowed

No Wheelchair on Train

Our attempt to board the St. Louis zoo-line railroad almost got us arrested in May 1993. Robert and I planned to ride the train and use Robert’s wheelchair to reduce walking between the zoo’s exhibits. But the sign posted at the railroad station telegraphed trouble ahead:

OUR INSURANCE PROHIBITS
WHEELCHAIRS OR STROLLERS
ON THE TRAIN.

Because this was a clear violation of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), we stayed in line determined to ride with Robert’s wheelchair.

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When we reached the front of the line, Robert wheeled onto the platform but was told he must leave the wheelchair at the station. The attendant had no interest in Robert saying he needed the wheelchair when he got off the train. She was adamant he leave the wheelchair behind. We asked to see the manager when she wouldn’t budge even after I told her this refusal was an ADA violation.

Initially we blocked the path of people waiting to board the train, but agreed to step aside while waiting for the manager. When several trains came and went with no arrival of a manager, the need to take further action was evident.

We moved back to the front of the line and when the next train pulled into the station, moved onto the platform ready to board with the wheelchair. However, our plan was thwarted when several zoo security staff surrounded us, blocked our attempt to board, and ordered us off the platform so that the train could leave the station.

Now we had a choice to make. We could cause the trains to stop running by refusing to leave the platform and be arrested for refusing to move. The alternative was to step aside again based on the assurance that the manager was on his way. We chose to be reasonable and moved off the platform so that the train could leave. Even so, we kept the pressure on by blocking the front of the line so that no one could board incoming trains. But this plan was foiled when staff began loading trains from the other end of the line.

It took another 30 minutes for the zoo manager to show up. We were grateful that he recognized separating Robert from his wheelchair was against the law. Even though he wouldn’t allow the wheelchair on the train, the manager offered an acceptable alternative accommodation. We rode the train and watched the wheelchair ride alone in an electric cart alongside the train.

We declined the manager’s offer of a designated driver to ride us around the zoo in an electric cart. A principle was at stake. We didn’t want special treatment. Our only desire was to ride the train like everyone else.

This post is a condensed excerpt from Chapter 14, Let Me Ride, pages 139-141, in “ALWAYS AN ADVOCATE: Champions of Change for People with Dwarfism and Disabilities.” Buy your print or e-book copy today at https://www.amazon.com/dp/1737333600/.

Categories
Dignity

Say No To Bullies

What part of no
Image by Gerd Altmann from Pixabay

LPA classifies dwarf tossing as bully behavior. So National Stop Bullying Day on October 13 is an excellent day to remember that bullies can and should be shut down. Take for example how a dedicated group of 22 little people successfully advocated the New York State legislature in 1990 to shut down dwarf tossing contests or promotions in establishments licensed to sell alcohol. The group persuaded the legislature to protect the health, safety, and welfare of people with dwarfism by banning the atrocity. Violators of the prohibition are subject to the suspension or revocation of their license to sell alcoholic beverages for on-premises consumption.

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Although the New York Senate bill passed without a hitch, the Assembly bill almost died in both the Commerce and Codes committees. The Commerce Committee questioned the bill’s constitutionality because of its interference with the right of a dwarf tossee to work; and the Codes Committee found the definition of dwarfism too vague.

As the Coordinator of the New York advocacy group against dwarf tossing, carving out time to respond to Committee concerns was difficult. I was working full time and studying for the New York bar exam. But God gave me the strength to do both, along with the prayer support of the women in my Bible study group. And with God’s help I eked out a five-page legal-opinion letter on the constitutionality of the bill and recruited two members of LPA’s Medical Advisory Board—Dr. Cheryl Reid and Dr. Charles I. Scott, Jr.—to help Assembly committee staff draft text that precisely defined the people with dwarfism protected by the proposed law.

After Committee questions were resolved, the bill passed in the Assembly on June 28, 1990 and the Senate on June 30, 1990. The governor’s signature was all that remained. Surely, he would agree that dwarf tossing and dwarf bowling were offensive by any standard of human decency.

July 24, 1990, was a great day—the first of two days of the bar exam. Although I was more than ready to pour out all I had learned onto paper, clearly it wasn’t the exam that made the day great. No, it was wonderful because of a call I received from an AP reporter who told me that Governor Mario Cuomo had signed the New York bill to ban dwarf tossing in licensed establishments! I praised God as I went into day two of the exam. And I’m sure Governor Cuomo appreciated a reporter gracing him with a Humanitarian of the Year Award for hanging tough against some strong criticism for signing the bill into law.

Relief and joy overflowed on September 20 and November 8, 1990, when I opened the mail reporting that I had passed both the New York state bar and ethics exams. God kept all His promises to me:

Not one word of all the good words which the LORD your God spoke concerning you has failed; all have been fulfilled for you, not one word of them has failed.  
-- Joshua 23:14, New American Standard Bible

This post is a condensed portion of chapter 11, Biting the Legislative Dust, in “ALWAYS AN ADVOCATE: Champions of Change for People with Dwarfism and Disabilities” now available on Amazon in the US and UK.

Categories
Accessibility Disability Rights

Making the Impossible Happen

Always An Advocate

Characterized as the biggest state and local building code change in 20 years, October 8, 1997 is a date few know to commemorate. This is when the ICC/ANSI A117.1 Committee on Accessible and Usable Buildings and Facilities (the Committee) broke the six-inch reach barrier. Lowering the standard from 54 to 48 inches in new or altered buildings and facilities made ATMs, gas pumps, elevators—everything activated with a push, pull or turn—accessible to people with dwarfism and half a million others whose disability involved a reach limitation.

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LPA proposed the change in 1994 after becoming a Committee member in the consumer category as one of ten disability organizations requiring accessibility. Other categories include building owners and operators, producer/distributors of manufactured products, professional organizations, regulatory agencies, and building code officials.

As the delegate representing LPA, I learned the Committee had no appetite for our proposed changes. But after a vigorous debate in February 1996, the Committee agreed to place 48 inches in the second draft revision of the ANSI Access Code—the key word being draft. In the Fall of 1996 and Spring of 1997, the Committee considered public comments and negative ballots filed on the draft. The American Bankers Association and manufacturers of gas pumps and vending machines joined the Building Owners and Manufacturer’s Association in opposition to the 48-inch change. Given the size and economic power of these opponents, a David and Goliath battle was imminent.

It seemed there was no hope for change. Experienced disability advocates were concerned that our early victory of getting 48 inches into the draft was about to slip away. Delegates were under a lot of pressure to change their early votes in support of the change. But I used my arsenal of weapons: preparation, persuasion, and prayer. And I believed God could move the hearts of Committee members to retain 48-inches.

After a five-hour battle, the room was quiet as the votes were carefully counted: 13 in favor of 54 inches, 18 for 48 inches, and seven abstentions. Victory. I attributed the triumph to Divine intervention. How else do you explain the force that withstood three of the most powerful industries in the nation—banking, oil, and retail?

In a surprising move, the Committee met again in October 1997. Once again I had to argue for lowering the reach standard from 54 to 48 inches. I didn’t think I could handle going through another battle. In my anguish, I called Robert to put this on our church prayer chain. God was faithful, and the Committee chairperson limited the debate to a recap of the main issues and only allowed the clock to run for one hour. After the fifth and final debate on LPA’s proposal, the victory was more decisive—22 votes for 48 inches, eight votes for 54 inches and only two abstentions.

Many little people have said they think of me every time they use an ATM, but I think of God’s grace, power, and justice. He deserves the credit for making the impossible happen.

This post is adapted from Chapter 15, Breaking the Six-Inch Reach Barrier, in “ALWAYS AN ADVOCATE: Champions of Change for People with Dwarfism and Disabilities.” Buy your print or e-book copy today at https://www.amazon.com/dp/1737333600/.

Dedication

Marilyn Golden


This post is dedicated to Marilyn Golden, Senior Policy Analyst for the Disability Rights Education and Defense Fund. Marilyn was our strongest ally on the Committee and used her legendary advocacy skills to garner support for LPA’s 48-inch proposal. I’ll be forever indebted to Marilyn for taking me under her wing to understand the process, know who to trust, and lead by example. https://dredf.org/2021/09/22/in-memory-of-marilyn-golden/